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A bambara warrior - Gravure -
Les français au Niger; voyages et combats, par le Capitaine Pietri. Ouvrage contenant 28 gravures et une carte par Camille Pietri (1852-1885)
source : NYPL (New York Public Librairy) - Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture / General
Research and Reference Division
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« Tutu Diarra » is the eponymous narrative devoted to a great king of Segou (Mali), Ngolo Diarra alias « Tutu ».
That epics is deeply linked to the city of Segou, belonging to the epics cycle of Segou such as the epic songs «DugaDuga is the Song of the Vulture, the
symbol of the epic hero in the Manding, a song very popular in the Manding countries... Read more. », «Bakary Djan« Bakary
Jan » is the eponymous narrative devoted to a great general of Segou, named Bakary Sidiki Dangana Koné... Read more. (Juru nani) »
and «Jonkoloni« Jonkoloni » is an epic narrative belonging to the epics cycle of Segou such as the epic songs « Duga », « Tutu Diarra » and « Bakary Djan » (Juru nani)... Read more. »
(Dionkoloni).
In 1755, after the death of Biton Koulibaly , founder of the kingdom of Segou, a quite long period of anarchy destabilized
the kingdom, « his son , Dinkoro ( 1755-1757 ), a whimsical tyrant has been assassinated. The same fate was reserved to his brother by the Ton Dyon , Ali, (a devout Muslim) who decided to
ban animist cults and alcoholic beverages. [...] In 1776 , finally, a freedman of Biton, Ngolo Diarra, who had also married a daughter of his master, seized the power. »
Ngolo Diarra, king of Segou from 1176 to 1807, was born under a bad sign. A legend tells that his mother
was always losing her children in miscarriage ; so she implored the help of a sacred snake, and made a pact with it ; in exchange for a happy birth and promising, the snake would have to promise to give
his name, Tutu = « Snake ». And that occurred. Ngolo Tutu ascended the throne and won many victories (he extended the empire Bambara Mossi south of the country north to Timbuktu), and
then he took the honorific surname « Diarra » (Lion, in Bambara).
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« The griot» (Postal card from Mali)
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The epic song tells the exploits of the tireless Tutu Diarra, who died returning from an expedition against the Mossi at
age of 80 (!). And that song is often performed in Manding countries probably because it is built on a 16 beats rhythm very known in Mali, the slow and majestic « Bajuru » (Mother String). Moreover,
very often the two songs are confounded by their theme.
Originally, the song « Tutu Diarra » was created at the n’goniThe n'koni is a melodic instrument hailing from the Fulani, used since antiquity by that ethnic group... Read more. and kora tunings (similar to those of natural n’goniThe n'koni is a melodic instrument hailing from the Fulani, used since antiquity by that ethnic group... Read more.) under which it should be performed on kora (or guitar) reflects that origin. It's always a prestigious song Manding that should be played traditionally only in presence of dignitaries or royalty. Some great griots
like the late Alhaji Bai KontehAlhaji Bai Konté was a korafolá very famous in Gambia, like Jali Nyama Suso, thus less world popular.
His legacy is huge as he had been the creator of a new proeminent kora style and school, the yeyengo style ... Read more. use to know over 15 different ways to play it ! It is also
one of the most complex pieces on the kora, with its many variations it has become a showpiece for the korafoláluA korafolá is kora player in mandinka (who is able to make the kora talk) - korafolálu, plural..
Famous performers of «Tutu Diarra » :
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